Alopecia areata is an autoimmune disorder that causes hair loss in small, round patches on the scalp and other areas of the body. The immune system mistakenly attacks hair follicles, leading to hair loss. While the exact cause is unknown, it is believed to involve genetic.
Alopecia areata can be distressing, but hair often regrows on its own. Treatments include topical corticosteroids, immunotherapy, and in some cases, medications to promote hair regrowth and manage symptoms.